1. Define Performance Metrics: Clearly define the key performance metrics that are relevant to your application. These may include response time, throughput, error rates, and resource utilization (CPU, memory, disk, network).

2. User Experience Monitoring: Monitor the end-user experience to understand how users perceive the application's performance. This may involve tracking page load times, transaction response times, and user interactions to identify any performance issues impacting user satisfaction.

3. Infrastructure Monitoring: Monitor the underlying infrastructure supporting the application, including servers, databases, networks, and third-party services. Track resource usage, identify bottlenecks, and ensure that the infrastructure can handle the application's workload.

4. Application Code Profiling: Use code profiling tools to analyze the performance of the application code. Identify areas of the code that are resource-intensive or causing performance degradation. This helps developers optimize code for better efficiency.

5. Real-Time Monitoring: Implement real-time monitoring to quickly identify and respond to performance issues. Real-time dashboards and alerts enable proactive measures to be taken, reducing the impact on users.

6. Load Testing: Conduct load tests to simulate various levels of user traffic and measure how the application performs under different load conditions. This helps identify scalability issues and ensures that the application can handle peak loads.

7. Transaction Monitoring: Monitor specific transactions or workflows within the application to understand how well they perform. This is particularly important for critical business processes to ensure they meet performance expectations.

8. Database Performance Monitoring: Keep a close eye on database performance, including query execution times, indexing, and overall database health. Database performance can significantly impact the overall performance of the application.

9. Error Tracking: Implement error tracking and logging to identify and resolve issues that may affect performance. Analyze error rates, types of errors, and their impact on users to prioritize and address critical issues.

10. Third-Party Service Monitoring: If the application relies on third-party services or APIs, monitor their performance to ensure they meet service-level agreements (SLAs) and do not introduce bottlenecks.

11. Scalability Testing: Evaluate the scalability of the application by testing its performance as the user base or workload increases. This helps identify the application's limitations and plan for scalability improvements.

12. Capacity Planning: Use performance monitoring data to inform capacity planning decisions. Understand resource usage trends and plan for infrastructure upgrades or optimizations to meet future demand.

13. Incident Response Planning: Develop incident response plans for handling performance-related incidents. Clearly define roles, responsibilities, and escalation procedures to minimize downtime and impact on users.

14. Continuous Improvement: Leverage performance monitoring insights to drive continuous improvement. Regularly analyze monitoring data, identify areas for optimization, and implement changes to enhance the application's performance over time.

15. Collaboration Across Teams: Foster collaboration between development, operations, and other relevant teams. Effective communication and collaboration are essential for quickly diagnosing and resolving performance issues.