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Scrum is an agile framework commonly used in project management for software development and other complex projects. It emphasizes collaboration, flexibility, and iterative development. Scrum provides a set of guidelines and practices that help teams organize their work, manage priorities, and deliver value to customers in shorter iterations called sprints. Here are some key concepts and roles in Scrum:
1. Scrum Team: The core team responsible for delivering the project. It typically consists of a Product Owner, a Scrum Master, and Development Team members.
2. Product Owner: Represents the stakeholders and is responsible for defining and prioritizing the product backlog, which is a prioritized list of requirements or features. The Product Owner ensures that the team is working on the most valuable items and has a clear vision of the product.
3. Scrum Master: Facilitates the Scrum process and helps the team be effective and efficient. The Scrum Master removes any obstacles that may hinder the team's progress, ensures adherence to Scrum principles, and promotes continuous improvement.
4. Development Team: A self-organizing and cross-functional group of professionals who do the work of delivering a potentially shippable product increment at the end of each sprint. The team members collaborate to determine how to best accomplish the work.
5. Sprint: A time-boxed iteration of typically 1-4 weeks, during which the Scrum Team works to complete a set of items from the product backlog. At the end of the sprint, the team should deliver a potentially releasable increment of the product.
6. Sprint Planning: A meeting at the beginning of each sprint where the Scrum Team determines which backlog items to work on during the sprint. The team collaboratively plans the work, sets goals, and estimates the effort required.
7. Daily Scrum (Stand-up): A short daily meeting for the Development Team to synchronize their work. Each team member answers three questions: What did I do yesterday? What will I do today? Are there any impediments blocking my progress?
8. Sprint Review: A meeting at the end of each sprint to inspect and adapt the product increment. The Scrum Team presents the completed work to stakeholders, receives feedback, and determines the next steps.
9. Sprint Retrospective: A reflection meeting held at the end of each sprint to identify what went well, what could be improved, and actionable steps for future sprints. The team focuses on continuous improvement.
Scrum promotes flexibility and adaptability by allowing teams to respond to changes and customer feedback more effectively. It fosters transparency, collaboration, and iterative development, resulting in a higher likelihood of delivering valuable products on time.