Muftasoft TM

To identify valid host ranges within subnets, you need to determine the range of IP addresses available for hosts within each subnet after subnetting a network. Here's how to identify valid host ranges within subnets:

1. Given Information:

1. You should know the subnet address, broadcast address, and subnet mask for each subnet, as well as the number of subnets created through subnetting.

2. Calculate Subnet Size:

1. Calculate the number of hosts per subnet, excluding the network address and broadcast address.
2. The formula for the number of hosts per subnet is: \(2^{(32 - \text{subnet mask length})} - 2\).

3. Identify Valid Host Range:

1. The valid host range within each subnet lies between the subnet address and the broadcast address.
2. Exclude the subnet address (network address) and broadcast address when determining the valid host range.
3. The first usable IP address within the subnet is one greater than the subnet address, and the last usable IP address is one less than the broadcast address.
4. These addresses constitute the valid host range within the subnet.

4. Example:

1. Let's continue with the example of subnetting the network 192.168.1.0/24 into four subnets.
2. Each subnet has a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 (/26).
3. Each subnet has \(2^{32 - 26} - 2 = 62\) usable IP addresses.
4. The subnet address and broadcast address for each subnet are as follows:
   1. Subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 (network) - 192.168.1.63 (broadcast)
   2. Subnet 2: 192.168.1.64 (network) - 192.168.1.127 (broadcast)
   3. Subnet 3: 192.168.1.128 (network) - 192.168.1.191 (broadcast)
   4. Subnet 4: 192.168.1.192 (network) - 192.168.1.255 (broadcast)
5. The valid host range for each subnet is as follows:
   1. Subnet 1: 192.168.1.1 - 192.168.1.62
   2. Subnet 2: 192.168.1.65 - 192.168.1.126
   3. Subnet 3: 192.168.1.129 - 192.168.1.190
   4. Subnet 4: 192.168.1.193 - 192.168.1.254

By following these steps, you can accurately identify the valid host ranges within each subnet after subnetting a network. This information is crucial for assigning IP addresses to devices within each subnet and configuring network devices accordingly.