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Configuring VLAN trunking between switches is essential for efficient network management. Let's dive into the details.

1. IEEE 802.1Q Trunks:

1. IEEE 802.1Q is a standard protocol for creating virtual LANs (VLANs) on Ethernet networks.
2. Trunking allows multiple VLANs to traverse a single link between switches.
3. Here are some key points to consider when configuring VLAN trunks:

1. Spanning-Tree Instances:
   1. In a network of Cisco switches connected via IEEE 802.1Q trunks, each switch maintains one spanning-tree instance for each VLAN allowed on the trunks.
   2. Non-Cisco devices might support a single spanning-tree instance for all VLANs.
   3. When connecting a Cisco switch to a non-Cisco device through an IEEE 802.1Q trunk, the Cisco switch combines the spanning-tree instance of the VLAN of the trunk with that of the non-Cisco switch.
   4. However, spanning-tree information for each VLAN is maintained separately by Cisco switches connected via a cloud of non-Cisco IEEE 802.1Q switches.
   5. Ensure that the native VLAN for an IEEE 802.1Q trunk is the same on both ends of the trunk link to avoid spanning-tree loops.
   6. Disabling spanning tree on the native VLAN of an IEEE 802.1Q trunk without disabling it on every VLAN in the network can potentially cause loops.

1. Restrictions for VLAN Trunks:
   1. A trunk port cannot be a secure port.
   2. Trunk ports can be grouped into EtherChannel port groups, but all trunks in the group must have the same configuration.
   3. Make sure your network is loop-free before disabling spanning tree.

2. Configuration Examples:

1. Let's take a look at an example of configuring a port as an IEEE 802.1Q trunk:

   ```
   Switch# configure terminal
   Switch(config)# interface GigabitEthernet0/1
   Switch(config-if)# switchport mode trunk
   Switch(config-if)# switchport trunk allowed vlan 10,20,30
   Switch(config-if)# end
   ```

1. In this example:
   1. We configure GigabitEthernet0/1 as a trunk port.
   2. The allowed VLANs are 10, 20, and 30.

3. NETGEAR Switches:

1. If you're using NETGEAR switches, the process may differ slightly. Here's a basic outline:

1. Open a web browser and enter the IP address of the switch.
2. Log in using the admin password.
3. Navigate to Switching > VLAN > Advanced > VLAN Configuration.
4. Specify the VLAN ID you want to create and click Add.

Remember to consult your specific switch documentation for detailed instructions tailored to your equipment. Happy trunking! 🌐🔌🔗