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Calculating subnet addresses and broadcast addresses involves determining the range of IP addresses available within each subnet after subnetting a network. Here's how to calculate subnet addresses and broadcast addresses:

1. Given Information:

1. You need to know the original network address (including its subnet mask) and how many subnets you are creating.

2. Determine Subnet Mask Length:

1. Decide on the subnet mask length based on the number of subnets needed and the number of hosts per subnet.
2. Convert the subnet mask length to binary to determine the subnet mask. For example, a subnet mask length of /26 translates to a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 in dotted-decimal notation.

3. Calculate Number of Subnets:

1. Determine the number of subnets created by the subnetting process.

4. Calculate Subnet Size:

1. Calculate the number of hosts per subnet, excluding the network address and broadcast address.
2. The formula for the number of hosts per subnet is: \(2^{(32 - \text{subnet mask length})} - 2\).

5. Identify Subnet Range:

1. Each subnet will have a range of usable IP addresses between the subnet's network address and its broadcast address.
2. To find the subnet address, start with the original network address and increment by the subnet size.
3. To find the broadcast address, start with the subnet address and subtract one from the next subnet's address.
4. Repeat this process for each subnet.

6. Example:

1. Let's say you're subnetting the network 192.168.1.0/24 into four subnets.
2. The subnet mask length for four subnets is /26 (as \(2^2 = 4\), requiring two bits for subnetting).
3. The subnet mask for each subnet is 255.255.255.192.
4. Each subnet will have \(2^{32 - 26} - 2 = 62\) usable IP addresses.
5. Calculating subnet addresses:
   1. Subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 (network) - 192.168.1.63 (broadcast)
   2. Subnet 2: 192.168.1.64 (network) - 192.168.1.127 (broadcast)
   3. Subnet 3: 192.168.1.128 (network) - 192.168.1.191 (broadcast)
   4. Subnet 4: 192.168.1.192 (network) - 192.168.1.255 (broadcast)

By following these steps, you can accurately calculate the subnet addresses and broadcast addresses for each subnet after subnetting a network. This information is crucial for configuring network devices and allocating IP addresses within each subnet.